The Growing Importance Of Self-ligating Instruments In Dentistry

Self-ligating devices have gradually raised in the public eye over the years as powerful orthodontists claim their benefits over steel or elastomeric ligatures.Self-ligating brackets are a modern replacement for traditional "train track" metal brackets.Self-ligation denotes that the brace can be attached to the main arch.The arch wire is held in place using small metal clips instead of elastic bands.There are two main types of self-ligating braces.Active and passive, although some have the combination of characteristics that belong to the active and passive types.The active type has a spring clip that presses against the bow.The clip does not actively press against the cable in the passive type. These amounts have been constantly modified and adjusted since their introduction to overcome teething problems and improve overall performance.

History of self-ligating devices:

While this may seem like a new idea, the concept of self-ligating brackets was introduced in 1935 with Russell lock marginal attachments. A surge in reputation in the 1990s led to further instrument improvements and a large number of patents. Some of the more reliable materials are SmartClip 2, In-Ovation C, Damon 3MX and DammonQ. Self-ligating devices have outperformed their steel and elastomeric counterparts in terms of overcoming problems such as poor performance, plastic deformation, staining, plaque buildup, friction and distress. Elastomeric models were examined to show a reduction in strength when placed in a simulated oral environment. The elastic is also prone to stretching, resulting in significant losses when the bracket is fully engaged. Unlike elastomeric ligatures, self-ligating brackets provide secure ligation because healthy full bracket engagement is guaranteed, unless the clip or sliding mechanism is faulty or something is causing the bracket to come loose.

Friction is also a crucial factor in tooth alignment.Tooth movement is accomplished in a series of short jumps as the arch wire and biological resistance attempt to straighten the root through the alveolar bone.Therefore, the lower the friction, the better.Low friction is important within the bracket system to help facilitate efficient arch leveling, alignment and gap closure while keeping anchorage requirements low.Self-ligation succeeds in offering a reasonably large decrease in friction at all stages of tooth movement.They help the tooth glide smoothly along the arch wire at a measured and predictable rate while preventing any unwanted tooth alignment.

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